Table 1 Demographics and characteristics of total patients, patients with and without RHT

Demographics

Age (years)

67.4 ± 11.5^#

67.4 ± 11.6^#

69.9 ± 10.5^#

0.820

Female

279 (51.9)

266 (53.4)

13 (32.5)

-

Male

259 (48.1)

232 (46.6)

27 (67.5)

0.011

Current smoker

77 (14.3)

72 (14.5)

5 (12.5)

0.734

Current drinker

30 (5.6)

26 (5.2)

4 (10.0)

0.268

Clinical parameters

Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m²)

 Underweight (< 18.5)

 Normal (18.5–22.9)

 Overweight (23–24.9)

 Obesity (>/=25)

11 (2.1)

114 (21.2)

103 (19.1)

310 (57.6)

10 (2.0)

110 (22.1)

96 (19.3)

282 (56.6)

1 (2.5)

4 (10.0)

7 (17.5)

28 (70.0)

0.283

-

-

-

-

Duration of hypertension (years)

10.1 ± 6.4^#

9.8 ± 6.2^#

13.7 ± 7.4^#

< 0.001

Number of antihypertensive agents

 One

 Two

 Three

 Four

 Five

243 (45.2)

194 (36.1)

67 (12.4)

30 (5.6)

4 (0.7)

243 (48.8)

194 (39.0)

60 (12.0)

1 (0.2)

0

0

0

7 (17.5)

29 (72.5)

4 (10.0)

-

-

-

-

-

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

128.8 ± 12.3^#

128.2 ± 11.7^#

136.3 ± 16.2^#

0.003

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

72.9 ± 10.8^#

72.8 ± 10.5^#

74.8 ± 14.0^#

0.374

Resistant Hypertension (RHT)

40 (7.43)

0 (0.0%)

40 (100%)

-

Comorbidities

Diabetes mellitus

216 (40.1)

190 (38.2)

26 (65.0)

0.001

Hyperlipidaemia

431 (80.1)

397 (79.7)

34 (85.0)

0.434

Chronic kidney disease

83 (15.4)

70 (14.1)

13 (32.5)

0.002

Microalbuminuria

86 (16.0)

74 (14.9)

12 (30.0)

0.012

Stroke

68 (12.6)

59 (11.8)

9 (22.5)

0.051

Ischaemia heart disease

55 (10.2)

48 (9.6)

7 (17.5)

0.167

Left ventricular hypertrophy

29 (5.4)

24 (4.8)

5 (12.5)

0.055

Congestive heart failure

12 (2.2)

8 (1.6)

4 (10.0)

0.008

Atrial fibrillation

21 (3.9)

19 (3.8)

2 (5.0)

0.664

Peripheral vascular disease

1 (0.2)

1 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1.000

Gout

34 (6.3)

28 (5.6)

6 (15.0)

0.032

Obstructive sleep apnea

27 (5.0)

25 (5.6)

2 (5.0)

1.000

Benign prostatic hypertrophy

66 (25.5, male = 259)

61 (26.3, male = 232)

5 (18.5, male = 27)

0.380