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Table 2 Factors associated with primary care choice by residents’ characteristics

From: What are the factors affecting primary care choice when the access under health insurance scheme is limited?: a cross-sectional study in Bandung, Indonesia

Condition

Variables

Primary care choice (AOR/RRR [95% CI])

Pharmacy

Self-medication

Non-BPJS-Health

Actual choice (n=210)

Age (range 18-82; mean 44)

  

0.97 (0.94-1.00)

Having chronic illnesses (ref: no)

  

0.95 (0.45-2.00)

Monthly income (Rp) [ref: <600,000]a

   

600,000-5,000,000

  

0.94 (0.34-2.62)

>5,000,000

  

0.50 (0.12-2.08)

Head of household education (ref: primary or lower)

   

Secondary

  

0.63 (0.23-1.69)

Higher

  

0.50 (0.16-2.08)

PBI (ref: non-PBI)

  

2.40 (1.02-5.60)*

Registered to other insurance (ref: no)

  

0.18 (0.06-0.58)**

Mild illnesses (n=210)

Age (range 18-82; mean 44)

0.92 (0.85-0.98)*

1.03 (0.99-1.06)

1.03 (0.99-1.08)

Having chronic illnesses (ref: no)

0.74 (0.11-4.82)

2.99 (1.22-7.29)*

3.68 (1.22-11.08)*

Monthly income (Rp) [ref: <600,000]a

   

600,000-5,000,000

4.24 (0.61-29.48)

0.55 (0.19-1.61)

1.60 (0.23-11.21)

>5,000,000

5.28 (0.41-67.82)

0.38 (0.08-1.72)

2.81 (0.26-30.59)

Head of household education (ref: primary or lower)

   

Secondary

0.27 (0.03-2.18)

2.00 (0.61-6.60)

2.34 (0.31-17.81)

Higher

0.14 (0.01-2.22)

5.11 (1.22-21.40)*

5.13 (0.56-47.36)

PBI (ref: non-PBI)

0.50 (0.11-2.17)

0.61 (0.24-1.58)

0.48 (0.11-2.10)

Registered to other insurance (ref: no)

3.16 (0.51-19.58)

4.27 (1.19-15.32)*

4.34 (1.08-17.49)*

Chronic Illnesses (n=209)

Age (range 18-82; mean 44)

 

1.00 (0.97-1.04)

1.01 (0.98-1.03)

Having chronic illnesses (ref: no)

 

3.16 (1.08-9.25)*

0.72 (0.33-1.57)

Monthly income (Rp) [ref: <600,000]a

   

600,000-5,000,000

 

0.72 (0.21-2.43)

1.56 (0.60-4.02)

>5,000,000

 

1.12 (0.19-6.45)

2.15 (0.51-9.03)

Head of household education (ref: primary or lower)

   

Secondary

 

0.24 (0.06-0.93)*

0.80 (0.28-2.27)

Higher

 

0.15 (0.02-0.87)*

1.84 (0.48-7.12)

PBI (ref: non-PBI)

 

0.51 (0.16-1.65)

0.99 (0.44-2.22)

Registered to other insurance (ref: no)

 

0.52 (0.05-5.23)

4.78 (1.60-14.30)**

Serious Illnesses (n=199)

Age (range 18-82; mean 44)

  

0.99 (0.96-1.03)

Having chronic illnesses (ref: no)

  

0.84 (0.39-1.82)

Monthly income (Rp) [ref: <600,000]a

   

600,000-5,000,000

  

2.43 (0.94-6.31)

>5,000,000

  

4.90 (1.16-20.77)*

Head of household education (ref: primary and lower)

   

Secondary

  

1.41 (0.49-4.09)

Higher

  

1.08 (0.29-3.96)

PBI (ref: non-PBI)

  

0.43 (0.18-1.00)*

Registered to other insurance (ref: no)

  

3.48 (0.65-18.74)

  1. Reference category: BPJS-Health partners . Adjusted for gender, experienced mild illnesses during the past year, annual number of consultation with doctor, experience of using BPJS-Health benefit
  2. BPJS-Health Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (Indonesian National Health Insurance), PBI Penerima Bantuan Iuran (Full-covered BPJS-Health beneficiaries by government)
  3. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, AOR Adjusted odds ratio, RRR Relative risk ratio, CI Confidence intervals
  4. a1USD= Rp 14,561 (conversion rate as of December 19th, 2018)