Table 2 The diet, lipid profile, BMI, and framingham risk score across time in the two groups (Models adjusted for age, sex, education, and baseline BMI)

Overall Diet Score (on the original scale of 25 to75)

V1

50.9 ( 48.1 to 53.8)

48.4 (45. 3 to 51.4)

V2

62.9 (60.6 to 65.1)

53.0 (49.6 to 56.4)

V3

65.2 (60.6 to 66.9)

66.1 (64.0 to 68.2)

V2 vs.V1

11.99 (9.2 to 14.7)

P < 0.001

4.7 (2.4 to 6.9)

P < 0.001

V3 vs.V2

2 (0.1 to 4.4)

P < 0.001

13.1 (9.5 to 16.7)

P < 0.001

V3 vs.V1

14.2 (11.1 to 17.4)

P = 0.038

17.8 (14.4 to 21.1)

P < 0.001

Overall Diet Score (on the modified scale of 100 to 300)

V1

203 (191–215)

193 (180 to 206)

V2

253 (244–263)

215 (201 to 230)

V3

265 (258–272)

270 (262 to 278)

V2 vs.V1

50.3 (38.4 to 62.2)

P < 0.001

22.3 (12.9 to 31.7)

P < 0.001

V3 vs.V2

11.8 (3.5 to 20.0)

P = 0.007

55.0 (40.0 to 70.1)

P < 0.001

V3 vs.V1

62.1 (50.1 to 74.1

P < 0.001

77.3 (63.5 -91.2)

P < 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

V1

30.4 (28.4 to 32.4)

31.2 (28.4 to 34.1)

V2

29.9 (27.9 to 31.9)

31.1 928.4 to33.90

V3

29.8 (27.7 to 31.8)

30.3 (27.7 to 33.0)

V2 vs.V1

−0.5 (−0.1 to −0.8)

P = 0.01

−0.1 (−0.4 to 0.2)

P = 0.55

V3 vs.V2

−0.2 (−.1.1 to 0.1)

P = 0.12

−0.8 (−0.4 to −1.2)

P = 0.001

V3 vs.V1

−0.6 (−0.2 to −1.1)

P = 0.006

−0.9 (−0.4 to −1.4)

P < 0.001

LDL-Particles (Number)

V1

2048.3 (1861.8 to 2234.8)

2032.3 (1838.4 to 226.3)

V2

1837.5 (1575.3 to 1999.7)

2114.6 (1941.9 to 2287.2)

V3

1772.7 (1597.5 to1947.8)

1912.7 (1752.5 to 2072.8)

V2 vs.V1

−210.8 (−371.50 to −50.0)

P = 0.012

82.2 (−65.0 to 229.5)

P = 0.26

V3 vs.V2

−64.8 (−180.4 to 50.7)

P = 0.26

−201.9 (−315.4 to −88.5)

P = 0.001

V3 vs.V1

−275.6 ( −411.8 to −139.4)

P < 0.001

−119.7 (−241.3 to 1.9)

P = 0.053

LDL-Cholesterol (mmol/L)

V1

3.28 (2.96 to 3.60)

3.44 (3.26 to 3.61)

V2

3.14 (2.90 to 3.38)

3.56 (3.26 to 3.75)

V3

2.96 (2.67 to 3.25)

3.44 (3.14 to 3.73)

V2 vs.V1

−0.14 (−0.43 to 0.15)

P = 0.38

0.12 (−0.04 to 0.29)

P = 0.14

V3 vs.V2

−0.18 (−0.01 to −0.36)

P = 0.046

−0.12 (−0.38 to 0.14)

P = 0.40

V3 vs.V1

−0.32 (−0.06 to −0.58)

P = 0.016

0.001 (−0.27 to 0.28)

P = 0.90

HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/L)

V1

1.36 (1.26 to 1.45)

1.46 (1.36 to 1.56)

V2

1.42 (1.30 to 1.54)

1.46 (1.36 to 1.55)

V3

1.38 (1.27 to 1.49)

1.44 (1.34 to 1.53)

V2 vs.V1

0.06 (−0.02 to 0.15)

P = 0.14

−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.05)

P = 0.82

V3 vs.V2

−0.04 (−0.03 to 0.05)

P = 0.28

−0.02 (−0.08 to 0.05)

P = 0.54

V3 vs.V2

0.02 (−0.03 to 0.08)

P = 0.37

−0.03 (−0.10 to 0.05)

P = 0.47

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

V1

2.06 (1.58 to 2.54)

2.06 (1.68 to 2.44)

V2

1.68 (1.41 to 1.95)

1.95 (1.53 to 2.37)

V3

1.85 (1.51 to 2.19)

1.65 (1.26 to 2.03)

V2 vs.V1

−0.38 (0.76 to 0.16)

P = 0.055

−0.11 (−0.27 to 0.05)

P = 0.16

V3 vs.V2

0.17 (−0.16 to 0.50)

P = 0.30

−0.30 (−0.63 to 0.02)

P = 0.07

V3 vs.V1

−0.21 (−0.65 to 0.24)

P = 0.34

−0.41 (−0.76 to −0.06)

P = 0.03

Total Cholesterol (mmol/L)

V1

5.60 (5.34 to 5.85)

5.78 (5.58 to 5.97)

V2

5.35 (5.06 to 5.66)

5.87 (5.64 to 6.10)

V3

5.15 (4.83 to 5.46)

5.60 (5.27 to 5.92)

V2 vs.V1

−0.24 (−0.49.1 to 0.01)

P = 0.06

0.10 (−0.09 to 0.28)

P = 0.30

V3 vs.V2

−0.21 (−0.44 to 0.02)

P = 0.07

−0.27(−0.52 to −0.03)

P = 0.03

V3 vs.V1

−0.45 (−0.65 to −0.25

P = 0.001

−0.18 (−0.49 to 0.15)

P = 0.25

Framingham risk score (%)

V1

9.2 (7.0 to 11.4)

8.4 (7.0 to 9.8)

V2

8.3 (6.3 to10.3)

7.8 (6.5 to 9.1)

V3

6.9 (5.1 to 8.7)

7.1 (6.0 to8.2)

V2 vs.V1

−0.9 (−1.5 to-0.3)

P = 0.005

−0.6 (−1.5to 0.3)

P = 0.19

V3 vs.V2

−1.4 (−2.5 to −0.2)

P = 0.03

−0.7 (−1.2 to −0.2

P = 0.014

V3 vs.V1

−2.3 (−3.6 to −0.9)

P = 0.002

--1.3 (−2.1 to −0.5)

P = 0.003