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Table 7 Categories of suffering for patients who did or did not experience overall unbearable suffering (results from coding of open questions on why aspects of the SOS-V were unbearable)

From: Symptoms, unbearability and the nature of suffering in terminal cancer patients dying at home: a prospective primary care study

 

Overall unbearable suffering (n = 16)

Overall bearable suffering (n = 41)

 

Categories of suffering

Category present in patients % (n)

Mean number in which category is present per patient Mean (stdev)

Category present in patients % (n)

Mean number in which category is present per patient Mean (stdev)

p-value of t-test for means

Physical suffering

100 (16)

4.0 (2.1)

61 (25)

2.1 (2.4)

0.008

Loss of meaning

88 (14)

3.6 (3.3)

63 (26)

2.0 (2.1)

0.027

Loss of autonomy

88 (14)

3.1 (2.2)

44 (18)

2.2 (1.6)

0.003

Loss of dignity

56 (9)

1.1 (1.5)

32 (13)

0,5 (0.9)

0.064

Experience to be a burden to others

56 (9)

0.7 (0.7)

17 (7)

0.2 (0.5)

0.025

Loss of sexual role

6 (1)

0.1 (0.3)

2 (1)

0.02 (0.2)

0.491

Fear of future suffering

44 (7)

0.8 (0.9)

5 (2)

0.04 (0.2)

0.009

Anxiety

31 (5)

0.6 (1.2)

7 (3)

0.1 (1.3)

0.089

Death anxiety

6 (1)

0.1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.0 (0.0

0.333

Depressive thoughts

19 (3)

0.2 (0.4)

2 (1)

0.02 (0.2)

0.134

Worrying

44 (7)

0.5 (0.6)

5 (2)

0.1 (0.3)

0.020

Feeling tensed

13 (2)

0.1 (0.3)

5 (2)

0.05 (0.2)

0.417

Hopelessness

19 (3)

0.2 (0.4)

2 (1)

0.02 (0.2)

0.134

Pointlessness

13 (2)

0.4 (1.1)

2 (1)

0.4 (0.5)

0.299

Emotional symptoms

75 (12)

2.1 (2.6)

20 (8)

0.3 (0.8)

0.014

  1. %: percentage of patients.
  2. n: number of patients.
  3. stdev: standard deviation.
  4. Emotional symptoms of psychological distress: anxiety, death anxiety, depressive thoughts, worrying, feeling tensed, hopelessness and pointlessness.