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Epidemiology and research methodology in primary care

Section edited by Christos Lionis

This section covers, though is not limited to, all aspects of epidemiological research and research methodology within the context of primary care.

Page 1 of 3

  1. Content type: Study protocol

    The management of hyperglycaemia and associated cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may reduce diabetes-related complications. The strategy to broaden the knowledge bas...

    Authors: Àngels Molló, Anna Berenguera, Esther Rubinat, Bogdan Vlacho, Manel Mata, Josep Franch, Bonaventura Bolíbar and Dídac Mauricio

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2019 20:25

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  2. Content type: Research article

    The PR1MaC study was conducted to evaluate the integration of Chronic Disease Prevention and Management services into primary care practices and was reported effective. The aim of this study was to further exp...

    Authors: Martin Fortin, Maud-Christine Chouinard, Bayero Boubacar Diallo and Tarek Bouhali

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2019 20:7

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Multimorbidity has already become common in primary care and will be a challenge in the future. Primary care in Sweden participates to a great extent in the care of patients with two severe, chronic conditions...

    Authors: Elzbieta Kaszuba, Håkan Odeberg, Lennart Råstam and Anders Halling

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:178

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Frailty is a condition of increasing importance, given the aging adult population. With an anticipated shortage of geriatricians, primary care physicians will increasingly need to manage care for frail adults ...

    Authors: David R Lee, Eilann C Santo, Joan C Lo, Miranda L Ritterman Weintraub, Mary Patton and Nancy P Gordon

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:170

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Standardised generic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) which measure health status are often unresponsive to change in primary care. Alternative formats, which have been used to increase responsiveness...

    Authors: Mairead Murphy, Sandra Hollinghurst and Chris Salisbury

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:162

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Iron deficiency in early childhood has been associated with poor developmental outcomes. Little is known about the nutritional health of young children receiving care at Canadian Community Health Centres (CHCs...

    Authors: Imaan Bayoumi, Patricia C. Parkin, Gerald Lebovic, Rupa Patel, Kendra Link, Catherine S. Birken, Jonathon L. Maguire and Cornelia M. Borkhoff

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:161

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  7. Content type: Study protocol

    Promoting the collection and use of health related outcome measures (HROM) in daily practice has long been a goal for improving and assessing the effectiveness of care provided to patients. However, there has ...

    Authors: Pasqualina Santaguida, Lisa Dolovich, Doug Oliver, Larkin Lamarche, Anne Gilsing, Lauren E. Griffith, Julie Richardson, Dee Mangin, Monika Kastner and Parminder Raina

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:152

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  8. Content type: Research article

    Empathy is widely regarded as being key to effective consultation in general practice. The Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) Measure is a widely used and well-validated patient-rated measure in Englis...

    Authors: Takaharu Matsuhisa, Noriyuki Takahashi, Muneyoshi Aomatsu, Kunihiko Takahashi, Jo Nishino, Nobutaro Ban and Stewart W. Mercer

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:138

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Treatment complexity rises in line with the number of drugs, single doses, and administration methods, thereby threatening patient adherence. Patients with multimorbidity often need flexible, individualised tr...

    Authors: Fiona von Buedingen, Marc S. Hammer, Andreas D. Meid, Walter E. Müller, Ferdinand M. Gerlach and Christiane Muth

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:131

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  10. Content type: Research article

    No studies that have measured the role of nursing care plans in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our objectives were firstly, to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing Standardized...

    Authors: J. Cárdenas-Valladolid, A. López-de Andrés, R. Jiménez-García, M. J. de Dios-Duarte, P. Gómez-Campelo, C. de Burgos-Lunar, F. J. San Andrés-Rebollo, J. C. Abánades-Herranz and M. A. Salinero-Fort

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:125

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  11. Content type: Research article

    There are few areas of health care where sufficient research-based evidence exists and primary health care is no exception. In the absence of such evidence, the development of assisted support must be based on...

    Authors: Elisabeth Søndergaard, Ruth K. Ertmann, Susanne Reventlow and Kirsten Lykke

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:117

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Novel oral anticoagulation (NOAC) has been introduced in recent years, but data on use in atrial fibrillation (AF) in primary care setting is scarce. In Germany, General Practitioners are free to choose type o...

    Authors: Simon Schwill, Katja Krug, Frank Peters-Klimm, Jan van Lieshout, Gunter Laux, Joachim Szecsenyi and Michel Wensing

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:115

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Polypharmacy is common in older people and associated with potential harms. The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of an older multimorbid population with polypharmacy and to identify factors...

    Authors: Anja Rieckert, Ulrike S. Trampisch, Renate Klaaßen-Mielke, Eva Drewelow, Aneez Esmail, Tim Johansson, Sophie Keller, Ilkka Kunnamo, Christin Löffler, Joonas Mäkinen, Giuliano Piccoliori, Anna Vögele and Andreas Sönnichsen

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:113

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  14. Content type: Research article

    The purpose of this study was to ascertain multimorbidity patterns using a non-hierarchical cluster analysis in adult primary patients with multimorbidity attended in primary care centers in Catalonia.

    Authors: Concepción Violán, Albert Roso-Llorach, Quintí Foguet-Boreu, Marina Guisado-Clavero, Mariona Pons-Vigués, Enriqueta Pujol-Ribera and Jose M. Valderas

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:108

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) integrates best available evidence from literature and patients’ values, which then informs clinical decision making. However, there is a lack of validated instruments to assess t...

    Authors: Ranita Hisham, Chirk Jenn Ng, Su May Liew, Pauline Siew Mei Lai, Yook Chin Chia, Ee Ming Khoo, Nik Sherina Hanafi, Sajaratulnisah Othman, Ping Yein Lee, Khatijah Lim Abdullah and Karuthan Chinna

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:98

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Across Canada and internationally we have poor infrastructure to regularly collect survey data from primary care practices to supplement data from chart audits and physician billings. The purpose of this work ...

    Authors: Sabrina T. Wong, William Hogg, Fred Burge, Sharon Johnston, Ilisha French and Stephanie Blackman

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:87

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  17. Content type: Research article

    QUALICOPC is an international survey of primary care performance. QUALICOPC data have been used in several studies, yet the representativeness of the Canadian QUALICOPC survey is unknown, potentially limiting ...

    Authors: Allanah Li, Shawna Cronin, Yu Qing Bai, Kevin Walker, Mehdi Ammi, William Hogg, Sabrina T. Wong and Walter P. Wodchis

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:77

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Falls and the resulting complications are common among frail older adults. We aimed to explore risk factors and potential prevention strategies for falls in elderly residents of Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF).

    Authors: Emily J. Cameron, Susan K. Bowles, Emily Gard Marshall and Melissa K. Andrew

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:73

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Cluster randomized controlled trials are often used in research in primary care but creates challenges regarding biases and confounders. We recently presented a study on low back pain from primary care in Norw...

    Authors: Erik L. Werner, Ida Løchting, Kjersti Storheim and Margreth Grotle

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:71

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Faced with patients suffering from more than one chronic condition, or multimorbidity, general practitioners (GPs) must establish diagnostic and treatment priorities. Patients also set their own priorities to ...

    Authors: Anouk Déruaz-Luyet, Alexandra A. N’Goran, Jérôme Pasquier, Bernard Burnand, Patrick Bodenmann, Stefan Zechmann, Stefan Neuner-Jehle, Nicolas Senn, Daniel Widmer, Sven Streit, Andreas Zeller, Dagmar M. Haller and Lilli Herzig

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:66

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Over one million asylum seekers were registered in Germany in 2016, most from Syria and Afghanistan. The Refugee Convention guarantees access to healthcare, however delivery mechanisms remain heterogeneous. Th...

    Authors: Laura F. Goodman, Guy W. Jensen, Joseph M. Galante, Diana L. Farmer and Stephanie Taché

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:64

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  22. Content type: Research article

    burnout syndrome is a significant problem in nursing professionals. Although, the unit where nurses work may influence burnout development. Nurses that work in primary care units may be at higher risk of burno...

    Authors: Carolina S. Monsalve-Reyes, Concepción San Luis-Costas, Jose L. Gómez-Urquiza, Luis Albendín-García, Raimundo Aguayo and Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:59

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  23. Content type: Research article

    In the United States, the effective, safe huma papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine is underused and opportunities to prevent cancer continue to be missed. National guidelines recommend completing the 2–3 dose HPV va...

    Authors: Jane M. Garbutt, Sherry Dodd, Emily Walling, Amanda A. Lee, Katharine Kulka and Rebecca Lobb

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:53

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  24. Content type: Study protocol

    Parkinson’s disease progressively limits patients at different levels and as a result family members play a key role in their care. However, studies show lack of an integrative approach in Primary Care to resp...

    Authors: M. V. Navarta-Sánchez, M. E. Ursua, M. Riverol Fernández, L. Ambrosio, M. Medina, S. Díaz de Cerio, M. J. Álvarez, J. M. Senosiain, A. Gorraiz, N. Caparrós, S. Anaut, R. Martín-Lanas, M. Recio and M. C. Portillo

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:45

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Depression is one of the leading causes of disability and affects 10-15% of the population. The majority of people with depressive symptoms seek care and are treated in primary care. Evidence internationally f...

    Authors: Cecilia Björkelund, Irene Svenningsson, Dominique Hange, Camilla Udo, Eva-Lisa Petersson, Nashmil Ariai, Shabnam Nejati, Catrin Wessman, Carl Wikberg, Malin André, Lars Wallin and Jeanette Westman

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:28

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Good patient experience is recognized as an important component of a strong primary care system. Among the dimensions related to experience in family medicine, the ability to cope better with health problems i...

    Authors: Christine Cohidon, Pascal Wild and Nicolas Senn

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:27

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  28. Content type: Research article

    The use of dietary supplements and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is increasing, and there is adequate concern about potential harmful effects. However, there are limited reports on the concurrent use of nonpres...

    Authors: Shoichi Masumoto, Mikiya Sato, Takami Maeno, Yumiko Ichinohe and Tetsuhiro Maeno

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2018 19:20

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Chlamydia prevalence remains high despite scaling-up control efforts. Transmission is not effectively interrupted without partner notification (PN) and (timely) partner treatment (PT). In the Netherlands, the ...

    Authors: Ingrid V. F. van den Broek, Gé A. Donker, Karin Hek, Jan E. A. M. van Bergen, Birgit H. B. van Benthem and Hannelore M. Götz

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:103

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  31. Content type: Research article

    The Japanese health care system has yet to establish structured training for primary care physicians; therefore, physicians who received an internal medicine based training program continue to play a principal...

    Authors: Makoto Kaneko, Ryuichi Ohta, Naoki Nago, Motoharu Fukushi and Masato Matsushima

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:87

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Primary care plays a pivotal role in the provision of both mental health care and chronic disease prevention and screening (CDPS). Unfortunately, moderate mental illness (MMI) is associated with poorer general...

    Authors: Ginetta Salvalaggio, Christopher Meaney, Rahim Moineddin, Eva Grunfeld and Donna Manca

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:73

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  33. Content type: Research article

    It is common to find a high variability in the accuracy of heart failure (HF) diagnosis in electronic primary care medical records (EMR). Our aims were to ascertain (i) whether the prognosis of HF labelled pat...

    Authors: Miguel-Angel Muñoz, Xavier Mundet-Tuduri, Jordi Real, José-Luis Del Val, Mar Domingo, Ernest Vinyoles, Ester Calero, Caterina Checa, Nuria Soldevila-Bacardit and José-María Verdú-Rotellar

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:38

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Data on the social determinants of health can help primary care practices target improvement efforts, yet relevant data are rarely available. Our family practice located in Toronto, Ontario routinely collects ...

    Authors: A.K. Lofters, A. Schuler, M. Slater, N.N. Baxter, N. Persaud, A.D. Pinto, E. Kucharski, S. Davie, R. Nisenbaum and T. Kiran

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:31

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Comorbidity is common in patients consulting in primary care. Musculoskeletal pain and insomnia each increase the risk of the other. Co-occurrence may pose an increased burden on well-being. However, the preva...

    Authors: Shula Baker, John McBeth, Carolyn A. Chew-Graham and Ross Wilkie

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:17

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Little information is available about whether the use of self-assessment instruments in primary care affects depression course and outcome. The purpose was to evaluate whether using a depression self-rating sc...

    Authors: C. Wikberg, J. Westman, E-L. Petersson, M. E. H. Larsson, M. André, R. Eggertsen, J. Thorn, H. Ågren and C. Björkelund

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2017 18:6

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  37. Content type: Research article

    Cardiovascular diseases are highly represented in multimorbidity patterns. Nevertheless, few studies have analysed the burden of these diseases in the population with multimorbidity. The objective of this stud...

    Authors: Concepción Violán, Néker Bejarano-Rivera, Quintí Foguet-Boreu, Albert Roso Llorach, Mariona Pons-Vigués, Miguel Martin Mateo and Enriqueta Pujol-Ribera

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:150

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  38. Content type: Research article

    We aimed to determine the degree to which control targets of glycaemia and cardiovascular risk factors were achieved among patients with type 2 diabetes and to investigate sex- and age-related differences in t...

    Authors: K. Cambra, A. Galbete, L. Forga, O. Lecea, M. J. Ariz, C. Moreno-Iribas, F. Aizpuru and B. Ibañez

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:144

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a complex condition. Causal factors are not established, although underlying psychological or immunological susceptibility has been proposed. We s...

    Authors: Inger J. Bakken, Kari Tveito, Kari M. Aaberg, Sara Ghaderi, Nina Gunnes, Lill Trogstad, Per Magnus, Camilla Stoltenberg and Siri E. Håberg

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:128

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Macrocytic anaemia (MCV ≥ 100 fL) is a relatively common finding in general practice. However, literature on the prevalence of the different causes in this population is limited. The prevalence of macrocytic a...

    Authors: Karlijn Stouten, Jurgen A. Riedl, Jolanda Droogendijk, Rob Castel, Joost van Rosmalen, Ron J. van Houten, Paul Berendes, Pieter Sonneveld and Mark-David Levin

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:113

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Cramps are involuntary painful muscle contractions that mainly affect older people. Cramps may cause severe pain and sleep disturbance. Little information exists on the prevalence and the main features of cram...

    Authors: Hubert Maisonneuve, Juliette Chambe, Chloé Delacour, Joris Muller, Fabien Rougerie, Dagmar M. Haller and Michel Leveque

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:111

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Many instruments have been developed to identify frail older adults in primary care. A direct comparison of the accuracy and prevalence of identification methods is rare and most studies ignore the stepped sel...

    Authors: Fleur L. Sutorius, Emiel O. Hoogendijk, Bernard A. H. Prins and Hein P. J. van Hout

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:102

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  46. Content type: Research article

    The pathological mechanisms of lumbar spinal stenosis are unclear. Family doctors in the primary care setting may perform medical examinations of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Our aim was to use the pa...

    Authors: Naoto Takahashi, Osamu Shirado, Kazuki Kobayashi, Ryosuke Mashiko and Shin-ichi Konno

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:90

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Dizziness-related impairment is a strong predictor for an unfavourable course of dizziness in older people. In this study we explored the experiences of older patients with significant dizziness-related impair...

    Authors: Hanneke Stam, Marjanne Wisse, Bram Mulder, Johannes C. van der Wouden, Otto R. Maarsingh and Henriëtte E. van der Horst

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:74

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  48. Content type: Research article

    The prevalence of multimorbidity is increasing worldwide, presumably leading to an increased use of medicines. During the last decades the use of hypnotic and anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivatives and related ...

    Authors: Kristjan Linnet, Larus S. Gudmundsson, Frida G. Birgisdottir, Emil L. Sigurdsson, Magnus Johannsson, Margret O. Tomasdottir and Johann A. Sigurdsson

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:69

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Multimorbidity is a highly prevalent health problem, which may reduce adherence, produce conflicts in treatment, and is not yet supported by evidence-based clinical recommendations. Many older people suffer fr...

    Authors: Martin Scherer, Heike Hansen, Jochen Gensichen, Karola Mergenthal, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Siegfried Weyerer, Wolfgang Maier, Angela Fuchs, Horst Bickel, Gerhard Schön, Birgitt Wiese, Hans-Helmut König, Hendrik van den Bussche and Ingmar Schäfer

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:68

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  50. Content type: Research article

    The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) is originally a Dutch 50 item questionnaire developed in primary care to assess distress, depression, anxiety and somatization. We aimed to develop and validat...

    Authors: Berend Terluin, Pemra C. Unalan, Nurver Turfaner Sipahioğlu, Seda Arslan Özkul and Harm W. J. van Marwijk

    Citation: BMC Family Practice 2016 17:53

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