| Prognostic Risk (STarT Back Screening Tool) | Yellow Flag Domains from OSPRO-YF | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Negative Mood | Positive Affect and Coping | Fear Avoidance | ||||||||||
Low/Med (N = 170) | High (N = 38) | OR (95 CI) | YES (N = 111) | NO (N = 97) | OR (95 CI) | YES (N = 153) | NO (N = 55) | OR (95 CI) | YES (N = 162) | NO (N = 46) | OR (95 CI) | |
Any pharmacological treatment | 113 | 28 | 1.41 (0.64 to 3.11) | 78 | 63 | 1.28 (0.71 to 2.28) | 109 | 32 | 1.78 (0.94 to 3.38) | 116 | 25 | 2.12 (1.08 to 4.15) |
- Opioid Rx | 6 | 5 | 4.14a (1.19 to 14.37) | 9 | 2 | 4.19 (0.88 to 19.89) | 11 | 0 | – | 11 | 0 | – |
- NSAID Rx | 89 | 20 | 1.01 (0.50 to 2.05) | 58 | 57 | 0.77 (0.44 to 1.33) | 84 | 25 | 1.46 (0.79 to 2.71) | 91 | 18 | 2.0a (1.02 to 3.89) |
- Muscle Relaxers | 61 | 14 | 1.04 (0.50 to 2.16) | 44 | 31 | 1.40 (0.79 to 2.48) | 56 | 19 | 1.19 (0.62 to 2.26) | 59 | 16 | 1.07 (0.54 to 2.13) |
- Toradol Injection | 10 | 2 | 0.89 (0.19 to 4.23) | 7 | 5 | 1.24 (0.38 to 4.04) | 10 | 2 | 1.85 (0.39 to 8.74) | 11 | 1 | 3.28 (0.41 to 26.08) |
- Analgesic Patch | 20 | 6 | 1.41 (0.52 to 3.78) | 11 | 15 | 0.60 (0.26 to 1.38) | 19 | 7 | 0.97 (0.38 to 2.46) | 21 | 5 | 1.22 (0.43 to 3.44) |
- Vitamin D | 11 | 3 | 1.24 (0.33 to 4.68) | 11 | 3 | 3.45 (0.93 to 12.74) | 9 | 5 | 0.63 (0.20 to 1.95) | 11 | 3 | 1.04 (0.28 to 3.91) |
TENS | 11 | 2 | 0.80 (0.17 to 3.78) | 4 | 9 | 0.37 (0.11 to 1.23) | 8 | 5 | 0.55 (0.17 to 1.76) | 11 | 2 | 1.04 (0.28 to 3.91) |
Specialty Referral | 109 | 25 | 1.08 (0.51 to 2.26) | 68 | 66 | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.32) | 97 | 37 | 0.84 (0.43 to 1.62) | 106 | 28 | 1.22 (0.62 to 2.39) |
- Physical Therapy | 87 | 16 | 50 | 53 | 77 | 26 | 84 | 19 | ||||
- Chiropractor | 20 | 5 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 11 | 18 | 7 | ||||
- Pain Management | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 2 | ||||
- Orthopaedics | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||
- Neurosurgery | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | ||||
Diagnostic Imaging | ||||||||||||
- Lumbar X-ray | 50 | 8 | 0.64 (0.27 to 1.49) | 31 | 27 | 0.63 (0.35 to 1.13) | 46 | 12 | 1.54 (0.74 to 3.19) | 49 | 9 | 1.78 (0.80 to 3.98) |
- Lumbar MRI | 17 | 7 | 2.03 (0.78 to 5.31) | 16 | 8 | 1.87 (0.76 to 4.59) | 16 | 8 | 0.69 (0.28 to 1.71) | 21 | 3 | 2.13 (0.61 to 7.50) |