Table 1 Concept of the process evaluation
Outcomes | Indicators (examples) | Methods/Instruments |
|---|---|---|
1) Reach The extent to which patients are reached by the implementation of CovidCare as well as the number of patients who are willing or refused to participate in CovidCare. | • How have patients been approached • Number of patients approached • Number of patients willing to participate in CovidCare • Patients: Reasons for refusal and drop-out, exclusion rate • Number of contacts per patient (i.e. telephone monitoring, particularly in the critical phase as defined by the RKI as a proxy whether GPs treat their patients according to guidelines) • Characteristics of participating patients | S, I, DB |
2) Efficacy The efficacy of the CovidCare-module includes positive and negative impacts/effects for patients and HCP as well as the patients’ quality of life and the patients and the HCP’s satisfaction with the intervention. | • Positive and negative effects on patients’ quality of life, perception of (quality of) care, disease coping • Effects on health care personnel in managing Covid-19 patients • Satisfaction of HCP and patients with CovidCare • Comparison with patients with Covid-19/suspected cases but WITHOUT additional risk factors or aged >50 | S, I, DB |
3) Adoption Adoption refers to the number of HCP and practices who agree to use the CovidCare-module and aims to understand the reasons for (not) participating in the intervention. | • Reasons for (not) participating in CovidCare; comparing characteristics of participants and non-participants (HCP, practices and patients) • Characteristics of participating HCP and practices • Barriers and facilitators | I, S, DB |
4) Implementation Implementation refers to the extent to which CovidCare is used delivered as intended. | • Problems, time, and cost of the intervention • Adaptions that were necessary to implement/use CovidCare in daily practice | I, S, DB |
5) Maintenance The extent to which the CovidCare-module became part of the daily practice routines of the individual HCP and the GP’s practice. | • Factors that facilitate the uptake of the intervention/ implementation into routine care • Suggestions for improving the intervention in order to enable CovidCare to become part of organizational practice | I |