From: Type 2 diabetes and COPD: treatment in the right healthcare setting? An observational study
Diabetes Mellitus type 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Primary care (n = 1329) | Secondary care (n = 110) | p-value | |
Sex | |||
Male, n (%) | 741 (55.8) | 63 (57.3) | 0.76 |
Age (mean, range) in years | 63 (20–95) | 57 (22–83) | 0.001 |
Diabetes duration in years (median, IQR) | 8.00 (9.00) | 11.00 (12.00) | < 0.001 |
Missing, n | 18 | 19 | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | 134 ± 15.81 | 136 ± 17.40 | 0.36 |
Missing, n | 87 | 13 | |
HbA1c (mmol/mol, median, IQR) | 53.00 (14.00) | 63.50 (22.50) | < 0.001 |
Missing, n | 99 | 19 | |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l, mean ± SD) | 2.33 ± 0.84 | 2.40 ± 0.88 | 0.51 |
Missing, n | 162 | 47 | |
eGFR (ml/min/1,73m2 mean ± SD) | 83.63 ± 19.82 | 79.31 ± 21.90 | 0.046 |
Missing, n | 133 | 18 | |
ACR (mg/mmol, median, IQR) | 0.70 (1.60) | 2.60 (4.65) | 0.002 |
Missing, n | 205 | 57 | |
BMI (kg/m2, median, IQR) | 28.73 (6.16) | 32.00 (7.68) | 0.016 |
Missing, n | 111 | 65 | |
Frailty | 0.11 | ||
60 years or older (n) | 775 | 51 | |
Yes, n (%) | 489 (63.1) | 38 (74.5) | |
No, n (%) | 138 (17.8) | 5 (9.8) | |
Missing, n | 148 (19.1) | 8 (15.7) | |
Polypharmacy | |||
60 years or older (n) | 775 | 51 | 0.069 |
Yes, n (%) | 480 (61.9) | 38 (74.5) | |
No, n (%) | 149 (19.2) | 5 (9.8) | |
Missing, n(%) | 146 (18.8) | 8 (15.7) | |
Medication | |||
No T2DM medication, only lifestyle advise | |||
Yes, n (%) | 372 (28.0) | 8 (7.3) | < 0.001 |
Statin | |||
Yes, n (%) | 888 (66.8) | 64 (58.2) | 0.075 |
Metformin | |||
Yes, n (%) | 959 (72.2) | 72 (65.5) | 0.15 |
Insulin | |||
Yes, n (%) | 193 (14.5) | 80 (72.7) | < 0.001 |
GLP1 receptor agonist | |||
Yes, n (%) | 12 (0.9) | 6 (5.5) | 0.002 |
SU deritative | |||
Yes, n (%) | 466 (35.1) | 32 (29.1) | 0.21 |
Oral combination preparation | |||
Yes, n (%) | 3 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1.00 |
Pioglitazone | |||
Yes, n (%) | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1.00 |
Repaglinide | |||
Yes, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.9) | 0.15 |
SGLT2 inhibitor | |||
Yes, n (%) | 10 (0.8) | 5 (4.5) | 0.004 |
DPP4 inhibitor | |||
Yes, n (%) | 49 (3.7) | 5 (4.5) | 0.60 |
Complications | |||
Macrovascular | |||
Yes, n (%) | 265 (19.9) | 31 (28.2) | 0.040 |
Angina pectoris | |||
Yes, n (%) | 80 (6.0) | 11 (10.0) | 0.099 |
Myocardial infarction | |||
Yes, n (%) | 100 (7.5) | 14 (12.7) | 0.052 |
Ischemic heart disease without angina | |||
Yes, n (%) | 33 (2.5) | 1 (0.9) | 0.51 |
Transient cerebral incident | |||
Yes, n (%) | 35 (2.6) | 5 (4.5) | 0.23 |
Cerebral infarction | |||
Yes, n (%) | 9 (0.7) | 5 (4.5) | 0.003 |
Intermittent claudication | |||
Yes, n (%) | 40 (3.0) | 5 (4.5) | 0.39 |
Microvascular | |||
Yes, n (%) | 424 (31.9) | 53 (48.2) | < 0.001 |
No, n (%) | 867 (65.2) | 41 (37.3) | |
Missing, n (%) | 38 (2.9) | 16 (14.5) | |
Diabetic retinopathy | |||
Yes, n (%) | 82 (6.2) | 28 (25.5) | < 0.001 |
No, n (%) | 1140 (85.8) | 82 (74.5) | |
Missing, n(%) | 107 (8.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
Neuropathy | |||
Yes, n (%) | 114 (8.6) | 11 (10.0) | < 0.001 |
No, n (%) | 951 (71.6) | 99 (90.0) | |
Unclear, n (%) | 19 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Missing, n(%) | 245 (18.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Nephropathy | |||
Yes, n (%) | 275 (20.7) | 36 (32.7) | 0.001 |
No, n (%) | 939 (70.7) | 58 (52.7) | |
Missing, n(%) | 115 (8.7) | 16 (14.5) | |
Multimorbidity | |||
Yes, n (%) | 890 (67.0) | 75 (68.2) | 0.82 |
No, n (%) | 350 (26.3) | 27 (24.5) | |
Missing, n(%) | 89 (6.7) | 8 (7.3) |