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Table 1 Profile of the T2DM patients in primary and secondary care

From: Type 2 diabetes and COPD: treatment in the right healthcare setting? An observational study

Diabetes Mellitus type 2

 

Primary care (n = 1329)

Secondary care (n = 110)

p-value

Sex

Male, n (%)

741 (55.8)

63 (57.3)

0.76

Age (mean, range) in years

63 (20–95)

57 (22–83)

0.001

Diabetes duration in years (median, IQR)

8.00 (9.00)

11.00 (12.00)

 < 0.001

Missing, n

18

19

 

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD)

134 ± 15.81

136 ± 17.40

0.36

Missing, n

87

13

 

HbA1c (mmol/mol, median, IQR)

53.00 (14.00)

63.50 (22.50)

 < 0.001

Missing, n

99

19

 

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l, mean ± SD)

2.33 ± 0.84

2.40 ± 0.88

0.51

Missing, n

162

47

 

eGFR (ml/min/1,73m2 mean ± SD)

83.63 ± 19.82

79.31 ± 21.90

0.046

Missing, n

133

18

 

ACR (mg/mmol, median, IQR)

0.70 (1.60)

2.60 (4.65)

0.002

Missing, n

205

57

 

BMI (kg/m2, median, IQR)

28.73 (6.16)

32.00 (7.68)

0.016

Missing, n

111

65

 

Frailty

  

0.11

 60 years or older (n)

775

51

 

Yes, n (%)

489 (63.1)

38 (74.5)

 

No, n (%)

138 (17.8)

5 (9.8)

 

Missing, n

148 (19.1)

8 (15.7)

 

Polypharmacy

 60 years or older (n)

775

51

0.069

Yes, n (%)

480 (61.9)

38 (74.5)

 

No, n (%)

149 (19.2)

5 (9.8)

 

Missing, n(%)

146 (18.8)

8 (15.7)

 

Medication

No T2DM medication, only lifestyle advise

  Yes, n (%)

372 (28.0)

8 (7.3)

 < 0.001

Statin

  Yes, n (%)

888 (66.8)

64 (58.2)

0.075

Metformin

  Yes, n (%)

959 (72.2)

72 (65.5)

0.15

Insulin

  Yes, n (%)

193 (14.5)

80 (72.7)

 < 0.001

GLP1 receptor agonist

  Yes, n (%)

12 (0.9)

6 (5.5)

0.002

SU deritative

  Yes, n (%)

466 (35.1)

32 (29.1)

0.21

Oral combination preparation

  Yes, n (%)

3 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1.00

Pioglitazone

  Yes, n (%)

2 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1.00

Repaglinide

  Yes, n (%)

1 (0.1)

1 (0.9)

0.15

SGLT2 inhibitor

  Yes, n (%)

10 (0.8)

5 (4.5)

0.004

DPP4 inhibitor

  Yes, n (%)

49 (3.7)

5 (4.5)

0.60

Complications

Macrovascular

  Yes, n (%)

265 (19.9)

31 (28.2)

0.040

Angina pectoris

  Yes, n (%)

80 (6.0)

11 (10.0)

0.099

Myocardial infarction

  Yes, n (%)

100 (7.5)

14 (12.7)

0.052

Ischemic heart disease without angina

  Yes, n (%)

33 (2.5)

1 (0.9)

0.51

Transient cerebral incident

  Yes, n (%)

35 (2.6)

5 (4.5)

0.23

Cerebral infarction

  Yes, n (%)

9 (0.7)

5 (4.5)

0.003

Intermittent claudication

  Yes, n (%)

40 (3.0)

5 (4.5)

0.39

Microvascular

  Yes, n (%)

424 (31.9)

53 (48.2)

 < 0.001

  No, n (%)

867 (65.2)

41 (37.3)

 

  Missing, n (%)

38 (2.9)

16 (14.5)

 

Diabetic retinopathy

  Yes, n (%)

82 (6.2)

28 (25.5)

 < 0.001

  No, n (%)

1140 (85.8)

82 (74.5)

 

  Missing, n(%)

107 (8.1)

0 (0.0)

 

Neuropathy

  Yes, n (%)

114 (8.6)

11 (10.0)

 < 0.001

  No, n (%)

951 (71.6)

99 (90.0)

 

  Unclear, n (%)

19 (1.4)

0 (0.0)

 

  Missing, n(%)

245 (18.4)

0 (0.0)

 

Nephropathy

  Yes, n (%)

275 (20.7)

36 (32.7)

0.001

  No, n (%)

939 (70.7)

58 (52.7)

 

  Missing, n(%)

115 (8.7)

16 (14.5)

 

Multimorbidity

  Yes, n (%)

890 (67.0)

75 (68.2)

0.82

  No, n (%)

350 (26.3)

27 (24.5)

 

  Missing, n(%)

89 (6.7)

8 (7.3)

 
  1. Abbreviations: IQR Interquartile range, SD Standard deviation, HbA1c Glycosylated hemoglobin, eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACR Albumin/creatinine ratio in urine, BMI Body mass index, GLP1 Glucagon-like peptide-1, SU Sulfonylurea, SGLT2 Sodium-glucose transport protein 2, DPP4 Ddipeptidyl peptidase-4