Overall Control | OR (95% CI) | P-value | aOR (95% CI) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (in years) | ||||
 Less than 45 | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 45 to 64 | 0.84 (0.55, 1.28) | 0.001 | 0.75 (0.46, 1.22) | 0.068 |
 65 and above | 1.02 (0.67, 1.56) |  | 0.87 (0.53, 1.42) |  |
Sex | ||||
 Female | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Male | 1.24 (1.11, 1.37) |  < 0.001 | 1.28 (1.12, 1.46) |  < 0.001 |
Race | ||||
 Chinese | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Malay | 0.70 (0.59, 0.83) |  | 0.81 (0.65, 0.99) |  |
 Indian | 0.67 (0.54, 0.82) |  < 0.001 | 0.70 (0.55, 0.88) | 0.009 |
 Others | 0.81 (0.56, 1.17) |  | 0.87 (0.56, 1.35) |  |
Body Mass Index (Kg/m2) | ||||
 Less than 23 | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 23 to 27.4 | 0.83 (0.71, 0.96) |  < 0.001 | 0.84 (0.72, 0.98) |  < 0.001 |
 More than 27.4 | 0.65 (0.55, 0.77) |  | 0.71 (0.59, 0.84) |  |
Smoking status | ||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.73 (0.59, 0.91) | 0.005 | 0.68 (0.54, 0.88) | 0.003 |
Ischemic heart disease | ||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.93 (0.83, 1.06) | 0.282 | 0.90 (0.77, 1.05) | 0.177 |
Atrial Fibrillation | ||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Yes | 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) | 0.024 | 1.24 (1.02, 1.52) | 0.028 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | ||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.69 (0.61, 0.77) |  < 0.001 | 0.63 (0.54, 0.72) |  < 0.001 |