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Table 1 Patient characteristics associated with referral within 30 days to specialist continence services in secondary care

From: Determinants of referral of women with urinary incontinence to specialist services: a national cohort study using primary care data from the UK

 

Total (%)

Referred (%)

Rate of referral

Adjusted odds ratio

95%CI

P value

Overall

104,466

28,476

27.3%

  

Age (median 58, IQR 45–73)

     

Age group (years)

 18–39

14,599 (14)

4696 (16.5)

32.2%

0.91 (0.87, 0.96)

 

 40–49

21,642 (20.7)

7411 (26.0)

34.2%

Reference

< 0.001

 50–59

19,654 (18.8)

5964 (20.9)

30.3%

0.84 (0.80, 0.88)

 

 60–69

17,468 (16.7)

4687 (16.5)

26.8%

0.70 (0.66, 0.73)

 

 70–79

15,834 (15.2)

3372 (11.8)

21.3%

0.51 (0.49, 0.54)

 

 ≥ 80

15,269 (14.6)

2346 (8.2)

15.4%

0.34 (0.31, 0.37)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

 Underweight (< 20)

5224 (5.3)

1190 (4.4)

22.8%

0.85 (0.79, 0.91)

 

 Normal (20–24)

28,044 (28.3)

7966 (29.2)

28.4%

Reference

< 0.001

 Overweight (25–29)

31,580 (31.8)

8748 (32.1)

27.7%

0.99 (0.95, 1.03)

 

 Obese (30–39)

28,873 (29.1)

7922 (29.1)

27.4%

0.95 (0.91, 0.99)

 

 Severely obese (≥40)

5474 (5.5)

1439 (5.3)

26.3%

0.84 (0.78, 0.90)

 

Smoking status

 Non-smoker

61,109 (58.6)

16,471 (57.9)

27.0%

Reference

< 0.001

 Current

18,827 (18)

5350 (18.8)

28.4%

0.94 (0.90, 0.98)

 

 Ex-smoker

24,395 (23.4)

6632 (23.3)

27.2%

1.04 (1.01, 1.08)

 

Ethnicity

 White

43,015 (92.4)

11,398 (92.9)

26.5%

Reference

0.001

 Asian/Asian British

1722 (3.7)

416 (3.4)

24.2%

0.76 (0.65, 0.89)

 

 Black/Black British

930 (2)

221 (1.8)

23.8%

0.76 (0.62, 0.92)

 

 Mixed/Other

888 (1.9)

233 (1.9)

26.2%

0.85 (0.69, 1.05)

 

 Missing (55.4%)

–

–

28.0%

1.04 (0.97, 1.11)

 

Comorbidities

 Urinary tract infection

2503 (2.4)

659 (2.3)

26.3%

1.10 (1.00, 1.21)

0.06

 Pelvic organ prolapse

3230 (3.1)

720 (2.5)

22.3%

0.77 (0.68, 0.87)

0.00

 Type 2 diabetes mellitus

5639 (5.4)

1221 (4.3)

21.7%

0.92 (0.85, 0.99)

0.02

 Cardiovascular disease5

12,034 (11.5)

2632 (9.2)

21.9%

0.95 (0.90, 1.00)

0.07

 Renal disease

2507 (2.4)

491 (1.7)

19.6%

0.97 (0.86, 1.09)

0.59

 Respiratory disease

9396 (9)

2590 (9.1)

27.6%

1.01 (0.96, 1.06)

0.68

 Anxiety or depression

12,101 (11.6)

3358 (11.8)

27.7%

0.95 (0.90, 1.00)

0.05

 Cancer

1785 (1.7)

365 (1.3)

27.3%

0.84 (0.75, 0.94)

0.00