| Total (%) | Referred (%) | Rate of referral | Adjusted odds ratio 95%CI | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 104,466 | 28,476 | 27.3% | Â | Â |
Age (median 58, IQR 45–73) |  |  |  |  |  |
Age group (years) | |||||
 18–39 | 14,599 (14) | 4696 (16.5) | 32.2% | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) |  |
 40–49 | 21,642 (20.7) | 7411 (26.0) | 34.2% | Reference | < 0.001 |
 50–59 | 19,654 (18.8) | 5964 (20.9) | 30.3% | 0.84 (0.80, 0.88) |  |
 60–69 | 17,468 (16.7) | 4687 (16.5) | 26.8% | 0.70 (0.66, 0.73) |  |
 70–79 | 15,834 (15.2) | 3372 (11.8) | 21.3% | 0.51 (0.49, 0.54) |  |
 ≥ 80 | 15,269 (14.6) | 2346 (8.2) | 15.4% | 0.34 (0.31, 0.37) |  |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
 Underweight (< 20) | 5224 (5.3) | 1190 (4.4) | 22.8% | 0.85 (0.79, 0.91) |  |
 Normal (20–24) | 28,044 (28.3) | 7966 (29.2) | 28.4% | Reference | < 0.001 |
 Overweight (25–29) | 31,580 (31.8) | 8748 (32.1) | 27.7% | 0.99 (0.95, 1.03) |  |
 Obese (30–39) | 28,873 (29.1) | 7922 (29.1) | 27.4% | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) |  |
 Severely obese (≥40) | 5474 (5.5) | 1439 (5.3) | 26.3% | 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) |  |
Smoking status | |||||
 Non-smoker | 61,109 (58.6) | 16,471 (57.9) | 27.0% | Reference | < 0.001 |
 Current | 18,827 (18) | 5350 (18.8) | 28.4% | 0.94 (0.90, 0.98) |  |
 Ex-smoker | 24,395 (23.4) | 6632 (23.3) | 27.2% | 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) |  |
Ethnicity | |||||
 White | 43,015 (92.4) | 11,398 (92.9) | 26.5% | Reference | 0.001 |
 Asian/Asian British | 1722 (3.7) | 416 (3.4) | 24.2% | 0.76 (0.65, 0.89) |  |
 Black/Black British | 930 (2) | 221 (1.8) | 23.8% | 0.76 (0.62, 0.92) |  |
 Mixed/Other | 888 (1.9) | 233 (1.9) | 26.2% | 0.85 (0.69, 1.05) |  |
 Missing (55.4%) | – | – | 28.0% | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) |  |
Comorbidities | |||||
 Urinary tract infection | 2503 (2.4) | 659 (2.3) | 26.3% | 1.10 (1.00, 1.21) | 0.06 |
 Pelvic organ prolapse | 3230 (3.1) | 720 (2.5) | 22.3% | 0.77 (0.68, 0.87) | 0.00 |
 Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 5639 (5.4) | 1221 (4.3) | 21.7% | 0.92 (0.85, 0.99) | 0.02 |
 Cardiovascular disease5 | 12,034 (11.5) | 2632 (9.2) | 21.9% | 0.95 (0.90, 1.00) | 0.07 |
 Renal disease | 2507 (2.4) | 491 (1.7) | 19.6% | 0.97 (0.86, 1.09) | 0.59 |
 Respiratory disease | 9396 (9) | 2590 (9.1) | 27.6% | 1.01 (0.96, 1.06) | 0.68 |
 Anxiety or depression | 12,101 (11.6) | 3358 (11.8) | 27.7% | 0.95 (0.90, 1.00) | 0.05 |
 Cancer | 1785 (1.7) | 365 (1.3) | 27.3% | 0.84 (0.75, 0.94) | 0.00 |