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Table 2 Distribution of type 2 diabetes patients according to their willingness to accept training based on the domains of the Health Belief Model

From: Are Malaysian Type 2 Diabetes patients willing to be trained to speak to their offspring about risk of diabetes and preventive measures?

Domains of the Health Belief Model

Willing to accept training

x2

(df)a

p-value

Yes (N = 262)

n (%)

No (N = 163)

n (%)

PERCEIVED SUSCEPTIBILITY:

Likelihood that offspring will get diabetes:

  Not likely

43 (16.4)

28 (17.2)

6.760

0.034*

  Neutral

39 (14.9)

40 (24.5)

(2)

 

  Likely

180 (68.7)

95 (58.3)

  

Likelihood someone without family history of diabetes will get diabetes:

  Not likely

33 (12.6)

14 (8.6)

5.518

0.063

  Neutral

10 (3.8)

14 (8.6)

(2)

 

  Likely

219 (83.6)

135 (82.8)

  

Worry that offspring will get diabetes:

  Not worry

37 (14.1)

28 (17.2)

11.196

0.004*

  Neutral

11 (4.2)

20 (12.3)

(2)

 

  Worry

214 (81.7)

115 (70.5)

  

PERCEIVED BENEFITS:

Talking make offspring more aware of importance of diet and exercise:

  Disagree

3 (1.1)

6 (3.7)

6.535

0.038*

  Neutral

2 (0.8)

5 (3.1)

(2)

 

  Agree

257 (98.1)

152 (93.2)

  

Encourage offspring to make lifestyle changes:

  Disagree

3 (1.1)

8 (4.9)

16.652

< 0.001*

  Neutral

2 (0.8)

10 (6.1)

(2)

 

  Agree

257 (98.1)

145 (89.0)

  

Help prevent type 2 diabetes:

  Disagree

5 (1.9)

10 (6.1)

5.589

 

  Neutral

6 (2.3)

5 (3.1)

(2)

 

  Agree

251 (95.8)

148 (90.8)

 

0.061

PERCEIVED BARRIERS

I do not have a healthy lifestyle myself:

  Agree

108 (41.2)

62 (38.0)

2.204

0.322

  Neutral

33 (12.6)

29 (17.8)

(2)

 

  Disagree

121 (46.2)

72 (44.2)

  

I do not have much contact with my offspring:

  Agree

45 (17.2)

20 (12.3)

12.892

0.002*

  Neutral

13 (5.0)

24 (14.7)

(2)

 

  Disagree

204 (77.8)

119 (73.0)

  

My offspring are not open to advice from me:

  Agree

54 (20.6)

30 (18.4)

8.843

0.012*

  Neutral

36 (13.7)

41 (25.1)

(2)

 

  Disagree

172 (65.7)

92 (56.5)

  

They do not see diabetes as a serious illness:

  Agree

79 (30.2)

46 (28.2)

0.844

0.656

  Neutral

25 (9.5)

20 (12.3)

(2)

 

  Disagree

158 (60.3)

97 (59.5)

  

They do not believe they are at risk for diabetes:

  Agree

75 (28.6)

42 (25.8)

3.496

0.174

  Neutral

42 (16.1)

38 (23.3)

(2)

 

  Disagree

145 (55.3)

83 (50.9)

  

I prioritize other things than my own health:

  Agree

197 (75.2)

120 (73.6)

0.132

0.936

  Neutral

24 (9.2)

16 (9.8)

(2)

 

  Disagree

41 (15.6)

27 (16.6)

  

PERCEIVED SEVERITY

 

Mean

(95%CI)

Mean

(95%CI)

t (df)b

p-value

 Cancer

4.41 (4.30, 4.52)

4.33 (4.19, 4.48)

0.81 (423)

0.075

 DM

4.32 (4.21, 4.42)

4.17 (4.02, 4.31)

1.723 (422)

0.086

 AIDS

4.39 (4.23, 4.51)

4.23 (4.04, 4.42)

1.22 (423)

0.154

  1. Notes:
  2. * Statistically significant at α = 0.05
  3. aStatistical test: Chi-square
  4. bStatistical test: Student t-test