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Table 7 Biophysical data from available studies, categorized by research type (no. of articles = 10)

From: Shared medical appointments and patient-centered experience: a mixed-methods systematic review

First author, year

Model

Health cond(s)

Sample size (n)

Biophysical measures

Reported findings (with p-values)

Quantitative

Junling, 2015

CHCC

HTN

600 group, 604 control

BP

SBP decreased significantly in both group (p < 0.001) and control (p = 0.001) from baseline to follow-up, although decreases in group > control.

BMI

DBP decreased significantly in group (p = 0.001) but did not decrease significantly in control.

Physical activity

BMI did not change in both.

Increases in physical activity in group (p < 0.001) more remarkable than in control.

Trento, 2001

SMA / GV

T2DM

56 group, 56 control

HbA1c

HbA1c stable in group, worsened in control (p < 0.002).

BMI

Tendency toward lower BMI in group (p = 0.06).

HDL

HDL cholesterol initially similar in both but later lower in group only (p < 0.05).

Fasting TG

Trend toward lower TG in group (p = 0.053).

Trento, 2002

SMA / GV

T2DM

56 group, 56 control

Dosage of anti-hyperglycemic agents

Body wt, BP and CV risk

Metabolic control:

- HbA1c

- BMI

- HDL

- Retinopathy

Dosage of hypoglycemic agents decreased (p < 0.001) among group compared to control.

Body wt (p < 0.001) and BMI (p < 0.001) decreased in group but not in control.

Similar reductions in BP and CV risk in group vs control, but diff significant only for DBP (p < 0.001).

Significant decrease in HbA1c (p < 0.001) in group.

HDL increased (p < 0.001) in group but not in control. Retinopathy progressed less in group (p = 0.009).

Trento, 2004

SMA / GV

T2DM (NIDDM)

56 group, 56 control

HbA1c

BMI

HDL, TG

Cr

HbA1c remained stable in group but progressively increased among control (p < 0.001).

BMI, HDL, TG and Cr improved over 5 yrs. in group, but not significantly different from control.

Trento, 2005

SMA / GV

T2DM

31 group, 31 control

HbA1c

HbA1c decreased in both, though not significantly.

Lipids (TC, HDL, TG)

TC decreased in controls (p < 0.05), while HDL increased in group (p = 0.027).

Body wt, BMI

No significant modifications in other clinical variables monitored (body wt, BMI, FBG, insulin dosage, TG, ACR, foot ulcers).

FBG

Insulin dosage

ACR

Foot ulcers

Trento, 2010

SMA / GV

T2DM (NIDDM)

421 group, 394 control

FBG

HbA1c

FBG, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL cholesterol, SBP, DBP, and BMI decreased in group from baseline to year 4 compared to control (p < 0.001, for all measures).

HDL increased in group (p < 0.001).

TC, LDL, HDL, TG

Cr did not change significantly in group.

BMI, HbA1c, TG, and Cr increased in control, whereas total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol and SBP did not change and DBP decreased.

BP

BMI

Cr

Naik, 2011

SMA / GV

T2DM

45 group, 42 control

HbA1c

SBP

BMI

Significantly greater improvements in HbA1c immediately following active Intervention and persisted at 1-year follow-up (p = 0.05).

SBP and BMI were only reported at baseline, but not significantly different between both.

Qualitative

Capello, 2008

SMA / GV

HTN

58 group (no control)

BP

Significant effects on SBP and DBP (p < 0.01).

Raballo, 2012

SMA / GV

T1DM, T2DM

121 group, 121 control

HbA1c

Lipids (TC, HDL, TG)

FBG

BMI

HbA1c lower in T1DM group than in control (p = 0.001) and not significantly so in T2DM (NS).

Lower HDL in T1DM control (p = 0.002), but no other significant differences among both.

Mixed Methods

Krzywkowski-Mohn, 2008

SMA / GV

T2DM

33 group (no control)

Diabetic clinical indicators:

 

HbA1c

Lower HbA1c after group intervention (p < 0.05).

LDL

Lower LDL after 18 mos (p < 0.05).

BP

No significant diff. in SBP or DBP after 18 mos.

Retinal exam

Increase in diabetic eye exams.

Foot exam

No diff in diabetic foot exams (96.9% pre + post).

  1. Abbreviations: ACR Albumin/Creatinine ratio, BMI Body mass index, BP Blood pressure, Cr Creatinine, CV Cardiovascular, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, FBG Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin, HDL High density lipoprotein, HTN Hypertension, LDL Low density lipoprotein, NIDDM Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, SBP Systolic blood pressure, T1DM Diabetes mellitus, type 1, T2DM Diabetes mellitus, type 2, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglycerides