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Table 5 Comparison of Co-morbid Conditions found in Nocturnal Enuretics in Comparison with Non- Nocturnal Enuretics (n = 429)

From: Frequency and features of nocturnal enuresis in Pakistani children aged 5 to 16 years based on ICCS criteria: a multi-center cross-sectional study from Karachi, Pakistan

Variables

Nocturnal Enuretics (n = 183)

Nonuretics (n = 246)

P-value

Presence of constipation (either hard to pass stools or < twice per week)Yes

42 (23.0)

29 (11.9)

0.002*

Developmental delay

14 (7.7)

4 (1.6)

0.004*

Congenital Defect

7 (3.8)

04 (1.6)

0.102*

Physical delay

16 (8.7)

10 (4.1)

0.010

Allergy

20 (10.9)

26 (10.1)

0.869

Learning problem

14 (7.7)

14 (5.8)

0.002*

Asthma

11 (6.0)

11 (4.5)

0.045

Diabetes Mellitus

Sleep problem

42 (22.9)

22 (9)

0.001*

Seizures

01 (0.5)

01 (0.4)

0.930

Kidney or bladder problems

4 (2.2)

 

Urinary tract infection

14 (7.7)

1 (0.4)

< 0.001*

Use of medication

20 (10.9)

10 (4.1)

0.006

Medical problem, condition or disease

20 (10.9)

10 (4.1)

< 0.001*

  1. *P-value significant at 0.05 level