Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Model 1 | ||||
Age (ref: ≤50) | ||||
51~ 55 | 1.82 | 0.78 | 4.25 | 0.164 |
56~ 60 | 1.92 | 0.82 | 4.47 | 0.132 |
> 60 | 2.93 | 1.26 | 6.85 | 0.013 |
Sex (ref: Female) | 1.46 | 0.95 | 2.24 | 0.084 |
Ethnicity (ref: Caucasian) | ||||
African American | 0.84 | 0.52 | 1.36 | 0.479 |
Hispanic | 1.25 | 0.69 | 2.28 | 0.463 |
Asian | 1.36 | 0.33 | 5.63 | 0.673 |
Other/unknown | 0.78 | 0.14 | 4.37 | 0.776 |
Body mass index | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.437 |
Oral medication exposure (ref: None) | ||||
< 2 years | 0.81 | 0.47 | 1.39 | 0.440 |
≥ 2 years | 0.91 | 0.56 | 1.49 | 0.716 |
Model 2 | ||||
Age (ref: ≤50) | ||||
51~ 55 | 1.80 | 0.77 | 4.18 | 0.175 |
56~ 60 | 1.88 | 0.81 | 4.38 | 0.145 |
> 60 | 2.91 | 1.25 | 6.78 | 0.013 |
Sex (ref: female) | 1.44 | 0.94 | 2.21 | 0.093 |
Ethnicity (ref: Caucasian) | ||||
African American | 0.84 | 0.52 | 1.36 | 0.480 |
Hispanic | 1.24 | 0.68 | 2.26 | 0.477 |
Asian | 1.27 | 0.31 | 5.23 | 0.738 |
Other/unknown | 0.75 | 0.13 | 4.20 | 0.741 |
Body mass index | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.447 |
Insulin exposure (ref: None) | ||||
< 2 years | 1.01 | 0.40 | 2.54 | 0.978 |
≥ 2 years | 1.03 | 0.53 | 1.99 | 0.938 |
Model 3 | ||||
Age (ref: ≤50) | ||||
51~ 55 | 1.85 | 0.73 | 4.72 | 0.196 |
56~ 60 | 2.28 | 0.90 | 5.77 | 0.081 |
> 60 | 3.58 | 1.42 | 9.06 | 0.007 |
Sex (ref: female) | 1.47 | 0.94 | 2.30 | 0.092 |
Ethnicity (ref: Caucasian) | ||||
African American | 0.82 | 0.49 | 1.35 | 0.432 |
Hispanic | 1.24 | 0.67 | 2.30 | 0.497 |
Asian | 1.32 | 0.32 | 5.48 | 0.701 |
Other/unknown | 0.75 | 0.13 | 4.27 | 0.747 |
Body mass index | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.483 |
Hemoglobin A1c (ref: < 5.7) | ||||
5.7–6.4 | 0.91 | 0.28 | 3.00 | 0.880 |
6.5–7.9 | 0.99 | 0.31 | 3.18 | 0.992 |
≥ 8.0 | 1.03 | 0.30 | 3.61 | 0.962 |