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Table 2 Incidence rate of hyperkalaemia in the HF cohort according to several potential risk factors

From: Impact of hyperkalaemia definition on incidence assessment: implications for epidemiological research based on a large cohort study in newly diagnosed heart failure patients in primary care

 

Cases N = 2176

Person-years

IR per 100 person-years (95 % CI)

Sex

 Male

1259

40,639

3.10 (2.93–3.27)

 Female

917

34,403

2.67 (2.50–2.84)

Age at HF diagnosis (years)

 20–49

49

2824

1.74 (1.31–2.30)

 50–59

164

8355

1.96 (1.70–2.29)

 60–69

500

17,836

2.80 (2.60–3.06)

 70–79

961

30,329

3.17 (2.97–3.40)

 ≥80

502

15,698

3.20 (2.93–3.49)

Diabetes

 No

1507

62,887

2.40 (2.28–2.52)

 Yes

669

12,155

5.50 (5.10–5.94)

Renal impairment

 No renal impairment (eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.732)

656

26,594

2.47 (2.29–2.66)

 eGFR 45–59 ml/min/1.732

497

14,392

3.45 (3.16–3.77)

 eGFR 30–44 ml/min/1.732

332

5503

6.03 (5.42–6.72)

 eGFR <30 ml/min/1.732

134

1211

11.06 (9.34–13.10)

 No recorded eGFR

557

27,342

2.04 (1.87–2.21)

Hyperkalaemia prior to HF

 No

1946

73,237

2.66 (2.54–2.78)

 Yes

230

1805

12.74 (11.20–14.50)

 Within 90 days before

51

363

14.05 (10.68–18.48)

 Within 91–365 days before

84

511

16.45 (13.28–20.37)

 Within >365 days before

95

931

10.20 (8.34–12.47)

  1. CI confidence interval, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HF heart failure, PCP primary care practitioner
  2. aIncludes the 2155 cases of hyperkalaemia identified based on having recorded serum K+ ≥10 % upper limit of normal and a further 21 cases of hyperkalaemia identified using Read codes only but who also had a record of a referral or hospitalization