Modifiable risk factors associated with prediabetes in men and women: a cross-sectional analysis of the cohort study in primary health care on the evolution of patients with prediabetes (PREDAPS-Study)

Table 2 Percent distribution of modifiable risk factors present in men and women

Risk factors	Men			Women
	With prediabetes	Without glucose metabolism disorders	p -value	With prediabetes	Without glucose metabolism disorders	p -value
	N = 595	N = 388		N = 589	N = 450
Smoking habit
Current smoker	18.7	24.7	0.003	14.6	20.2	0.580
Alcohol consumption
Risky drinker	34.1	31.2	0.015	12.7	12.9	0.469
Physical activity
WHO recommendations not followed	38.4	37.4	0.788	51.2	49.6	0.617
Diet
Incomplete or absent breakfast	16.3	15.7	0.859	10.9	8.0	0.137
Non-daily fruit consumption	26.6	25.8	0.824	17.7	20.0	0.377
Non-daily vegetable consumption	49.6	52.1	0.473	36.7	37.1	0.897
Fish consumed <3 times per week	57.6	61.1	0.289	52.8	54.9	0.530
Legumes consumed <3 times per week	64.4	68.0	0.243	69.1	70.2	0.734
Blood pressure
Hypertension^*	72.3	51.3	<0.001	61.6	44.2	<0.001
Lipids
Hypercholesterolemia^†	11.3	12.9	0.481	16.6	14.7	0.440
Hypertriglyceridemia^‡	14.6	10.4	0.064	10.9	6.2	0.011
Low HDL-Cholesterol^§	20.4	12.2	0.001	28.3	18.9	0.001
Obesity
General obesity^\|\|	42.4	23.2	<0.001	43.6	25.1	<0.001
Abdominal obesity^¶	59.4	33.0	<0.001	75.2	52.2	<0.001

Data are showed in percentages.
^*Hypertension: mean systolic pressure ≥140 mmHg, or mean diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg, or being under treatment with antihypertensive drugs, or a personal history of arterial hypertension.
^†Hypercholesterolemia: plasma total cholesterol ≥250 mg/dl.
^‡Hypertriglyceridemia: plasma triglycerides ≥200 mg/dl.
^§Low HDL-Cholesterol: plasma High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol <40 mg/dl in men, and <50 mg/dl in women.
^||General obesity: Body Mass Index ≥30 kg/m².
^¶Abdominal obesity: waist circumference ≥102 cm in men, and ≥88 cm in women.

ISSN: 2731-4553