Table 2 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients in the COACH program and usual care groups
Characteristic | The COACH program (n = 287) | Usual care (n = 287) |
|---|---|---|
Sex, no (%) | ||
Male | 173 (60) | 180 (63) |
Female | 114 (40) | 107 (37) |
Age, years | ||
Mean (SD) | 63.8 (8.7) | 62.4 (8.9) |
Median (range) | 65.9 (35–75) | 63.9 (35–75) |
HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 7.0 (53) | 7.0 (53) |
Mean SD | 1.1 (12) | 1.0 (11) |
Total cholesterol, mg/dl mean (SD) | 173 (37) | 178 (39) |
LDL-C, mg/dl mean (SD) | 93 (31) | 97 (32) |
HDL-C, mg/dl mean (SD) | 52 (19) | 51 (14) |
Triglyceride, mg/dl median (range) | 127 (42–1369) | 130 (35–1993) |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg mean (SD) | 133 (18) | 132 (17) |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg mean (SD) | 75 (10) | 76 (10) |
BMI (kg/m2) mean (SD) | 30 (5) | 31 (5) |
People at treatment target, no (%) | ||
HbA1c < 7% (53 mmol/mol) | 155 (54) | 159 (55) |
LDL-C < 100 mg/dl | 172 (60) | 164 (57) |
SBP < 140 mmHg | 174 (61) | 186 (65) |
DBP < 80 mmHg | 160 (56) | 160 (56) |
At target for all above risk factors | 40 (14) | 46 (16) |
BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 33 (11) | 28 (10) |
In the subgroup with HbA1c ≥ 7% (53 mmol/mol) | ||
HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 7.9 (63) | 7.8 (62) |
MeanSD | 1.0 (11) | 0.8 (9) |
Self-reported | ||
Diagnose type 2 diabetes since, no (%) | ||
≤ 2 years | 46 (16) | 41 (14) |
≥ 10 years | 94 (33) | 91 (32) |
Smokers, no (%) | 40 (14) | 54 (19) |
People with 1st grade relatives with known type 2 diabetes, no (%) | 159 (56) | 139 (49) |
People with 1st grade relatives with cardiovascular disease diagnosis before 60 y.o., no (%) | 93 (33) | 90 (32) |
With regular hypoglycemia, no (%) | 26 (9) | 36 (13) |
People with other chronic condition(s), no (%) | 211 (74) | 217 (76) |
Coronary heart disease | 35 (12) | 39 (14) |
Atherosclerosis | 19 (7) | 9 (3) |
Heart failure | 21 (7) | 14 (5) |
Past MI | 11 (4) | 14 (5) |
Past stroke | 11 (4) | 4 (1) |
Past TIA | 8 (3) | 5 (2) |
COPD | 11 (4) | 15 (5) |
Asthma | 13 (5) | 19 (7) |
Hypertension | 111 (39) | 113 (39) |
Dyslipidemia | 81 (28) | 80 (28) |
Kidney disease | 17 (6) | 10 (3) |
Depression | 19 (7) | 24 (8) |
Neuropathy | 10 (3) | 16 (6) |
Having physical activity* of 30 minutes at least 5 days per week, no (%) | 170 (59) | 159 (55) |
Having daily healthy diet**, no (%) | 181 (63) | 157 (55) |