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Table 1 Provider and patient level characteristics by model

From: What is the impact of primary care model type on specialist referral rates? A cross-sectional study

Characteristic

Primary care model type

All n = 6370

FFS

CAP-NI

CAP-I

n = 3357

n = 1591

n = 1 422

Physician level

    

Female (n, %)

1285 (38.3)

588 (37.0)

570 (40.1)

2443 (38.4)

Years since graduation (mean, SD)

26.4 (11.0)

25.1 (10.5)

23.7 (10.6)

25.5 (10.8)

Foreign trained (n, %)

1125 (33.6)

243 (15.3)

206 (14.5)

1574 (24.8)

Years practicing in current model (mean, SD)

4.0 (1.8)

1.7 (1.3)

2.4 (2.2)

3.1 (2.1)

Patient level

n = 5 390 238

n = 2 573 253

n = 2 083 383

n = 10 046 874

Female (n,%)

2 821 266 (52.3)

1 345 330 (52.3)

1 104 388 (53.0)

5 270 984 (52.5)

Age in years (n, %)

    

  0–19

1 215 419 (22.6)

570 824 (22.2)

478 242 (23.0)

2 264 485 (22.5)

  20–39

1 463 203 (27.2)

620 080 (24.1)

499 797 (24.0)

2 583 080 (25.7)

  40–59

1 674 815 (31.1)

796 341 (31.0)

628 284 (30.2)

3 099 440 (30.9)

  60–79

843 309 (15.7)

465 495 (18.1)

379 943 (18.2)

1 688 747 (16.8)

  80+

193 492 (3.6)

120 513 (4.7)

97 117 (4.7)

411 122 (4.1)

Aggregated diagnosis group (n, %)

    

  0

585 650 (10.9)

356 024 (13.8)

336 593 (16.2)

1 278 267 (12.7)

  1

3 283 238 (60.9)

1 649 720 (64.1)

1 340 816 (64.4)

6 273 774 (62. 5)

  2

1 386 818 (25.7)

521 824 (20.3)

373 666 (17.9)

2 282 308 (22.7)

  3

134 532 (2.5)

45 685 (1.8)

32 308 (1.6)

212 525 (2.1)

Income quintile (n, %)

    

  1 (low)

1 037 373 (19.4)

390 390 (15.3)

362 374 (17.5)

1 790 137 (17.9)

  2

1 080 224 (20.2)

454 207 (17.8)

400 160 (19.3)

1 934 591 (19.4)

  3

1 110 734 (20.7)

503 332 (19.7)

413 768 (20.0)

2 027 834 (20.3)

  4

1 131 680 (21.1)

574 193 (22.5)

451 132 (21.8)

2 157 005 (21.6)

  5 (High)

999 066 (18.6)

635 649 (24.9)

442 822 (21.4)

2 077 537 (20.8)

Rurality index (n, %)

    

  ≥45

92 378 (1.7)

92 125 (3.6)

202 923 (9.9)

387 426 (3.9)

  10–44

760 940 (14.2)

811 197 (31.8)

763 140 (37.1)

2 335 277 (23.4)

  ≤10

4 499 476 (84.1)

1 651 700 (64.7)

1 092 498 (53.1)

7 243 674 (72.7)