Improving chronic disease prevention and screening in primary care: results of the BETTER pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients by randomization group (N = 777)

	Control	PF only	PP only	PF/PP
	(N = 183)	(N = 150)	(N = 209)	(N = 235)
Characteristic
Age – yr ± SD	54.0 ± 6.4	52.4 ± 7.2	53.3 ± 6.7	52.9 ± 6.9
Female sex -%	69	78	66	77
Minority race or ethnic group -%	11	12	12	11
≥1 yr post-secondary education -%	85	81	88	88
Employment -% Full-time or part-time	70	75	83	74
Marital status -% Married/common-law	73	71	74	83
Total household income -%
≥ 100,000 CAD	47	47	50	56
≥ 60,000-99,999 CAD	26	28	31	28
Current smoker -%	10	10	15	7
Current alcohol consumption -%
< 4 times per month	67	65	63	63
≥ 2 times per week	10	10	17	15
Exercise status -%
Extremely active	20	16	15	21
≤ mildly active	80	84	85	79
Body-mass index^¶ – mean ± SD	25.2 ± 5.7	25.3 ± 5.1	26.4 ± 5.8	25.0 ± 4.7
Obese -%	14	16	25	16
GAD-7
Score - mean ± SD	6.0 ± (5.7)	4.8 ± (4.7)	5.7 ± (5.6)	4.8 ± (4.8)
Range	0 to 21	0 to 21	0 to 21	0 to 21
PHQ-9
Score - mean ± SD	5.4 ± (5.6)	5.2 ± (5.0)	6.2 ± (6.1)	5.0 (± 5.2)
Range	0 to 27	0 to 24	0 to 27	0 to 23
MOS social support score
– Mean ± SD	74.3 ± (24.6)	73.0 ± (25.9)	75.0 ± (24.7)	79.2 ± (22.1)
Follow-up time – days ± SD	212.3 ± (40.8)	213.9 ± (42.6)	229.6 ± (50.0)	234.6 ± (54.5)

PF: Practice Facilitator (practice-level intervention); PP: Prevention Practitioner (patient-level intervention).
PF/PP: Combined practice-level and patient-level intervention.
CAD: Canadian dollars.
Body mass index (BMI) is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. Obesity is defined as a BMI ≥30.
GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Score for the 7 items ranges from 0 to 21; scores of 5, 10 and 15 represent cut points for mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively [37].
PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Scores for the nine items ranges from 0 to 27. Scores of 5, 15, and 20 represent cut points for mild, moderate and severe major depressive disorder, respectively [38].
MOS Social Support Questionnaire: Scores for the 22 items range from 0 to 100, higher scores indicate higher level of self-perceived support [39].

ISSN: 2731-4553