Newly diagnosed incident dizziness of older patients: a follow-up study in primary care

BMC Primary Care

Table 2 Development of the different instrument scores during follow-up (mean ± SD).

Instrument	Explanation/Item	T0	T1	T2	P*
DHI total†	Dizziness handicap	26.68 ± 13.27	22.95 ± 15.12	24.32 ± 15.24	0.055
physical	(subscale)	7.05 ± 3.59	6.00 ± 3.97	6.21 ± 3.91	0.195
functional	(subscale)	11.42 ± 7.41	10.68 ± 8.44	11.57 ± 8.55	0.164
emotional	(subscale)	8.21 ± 5.44	6.26 ± 6.10	6.53 ± 5.97	0.036
SF12	Quality of life	47.03 ± 11.61	49.41 ± 10.08	48.64 ± 9.94	0.639
GDS	Depression	3.19 ± 2.90	3.08 ± 2.94	2.63 ± 2.76	0.174
ADL total	Activities of daily living	39.63 ± 4.05	39.72 ± 4.08	39.53 ± 3.29	0.407
basic	(subscale)	15.23 ± 1.47	15.11 ± 1.62	15.28 ± 1.13	0.620
instrumental	(subscale, e.g. financial tasks)	20.67 ± 2.52	20.84 ± 2.30	20.56 ± 2.15	0.491
DiNA	Importance of knowing the cause	4.91 ± 1.42	4.82 ± 1.38	4.91 ± 1.18	0.465
	Risk of falling	3.47 ± 1.52	3.09 ± 1.42	3.15 ± 1.42	0.300
	Effectiveness of self-help measures	3.80 ± 1.47	4.30 ± 1.42	4.15 ± 1.35	0.368
	Handicap during acute dizziness	4.03 ± 1.52	3.76 ± 1.55	3.49 ± 1.57	0.058
	General dizziness handicap	3.03 ± 1.42	2.72 ± 1.34	2.67 ± 1.35	0.028
	Empathy of doctor	5.22 ± 1.20	4.69 ± 1.37	4.25 ± 1.52	< 0.001
	Help of doctor	2.83 ± 1.39	3.07 ± 1.60	2.87 ± 1.50	0.630

T0, T1, T2 represent the three time points of assessment (see legend).
T0 first time point of assessment
T1 second time point of assessment (four-week follow-up)
T2 third time point of assessment (six-month follow-up)
* Differences of mean test score and Likert scale items (DiNA) comparing the three time points were tested using the Friedman test
† scores: DHI/modified (maximum score [= highest handicap]: 88, ≥27: moderate or severe handicap; adapted according to [31]), SF-12 (≥51: "no disability", ≤30: "severe disability"), GDS (< 6: "no depression", > 6 and < 11: "mild to moderate", ≥11: "severe"), ADL/modified (maximum score [= lowest handicap]: 42 [instrumental (iADL): 22, ADL: 16, continence: 4]), DiNA (Likert scales 1-6 [growing with increasing numbers])

ISSN: 2731-4553